![]() Under German occupation, from 1938 until 1945, the city under its Germanized name Brüx was administered as a part of the Regierungsbezirk Aussig of Reichsgau Sudetenland. Under the Munich Agreement in 1938, using the census-based Völkerkarte Mitteleuropas ethnicities map of 1937, it was found that Most fell within the ethnic German-speaking zone which would become part of the Sudetenland districts to be separated from Czechoslovakia. This new confederation was called Czechoslovakia, and Most was within the borders of the new state.Īccording to the 1930 census, there were 28,212 citizens living in Most (9,740 people of Czechoslovak ethnicity, 17,549 German, 33 Russian and 154 Jewish). The 1919–1920 Peace Treaties that ended World War I created a new state from the territories of the Czech lands (Bohemia, Moravia) and of Slovakia. In 1905 Most had a population of 21,500 people and the most modern theatre of its time within Austria-Hungary, built in 1910 and designed by Viennese architect Alexander Graf, was opened in Most in 1911. The construction (1911–1914) of the Janov dam at Křížatky solved the city's supply of drinking water. ![]() In 1901, an electric tramline linked Most with Litvínov's administrative parts of Kopisty and Janov u Litvínova. In 1900 the textile industry RICO plant was erected. In 1895 the city was affected by quicksand that swallowed several houses, including some of their occupants. Construction included sugar works, porcelain factory, steel works, brewery, and the founding of a city museum. In the second half of the 19th century, industry and mining emerged, and in 1870, a railway line was built. After the Thirty Years' War, the city lost much of its economic and political significance. In a similar manner the castle Hněvín was captured. Both in the early years and in the last years of the war, it was captured by stratagem. In circa 1530, city reconstruction began with the foundations of several significant facilities, including the new dean's church and the Renaissance city hall.ĭuring the Thirty Years' War, the city was occupied by Swedish troops. ĭuring the 15th and 16th centuries, the city was hit by several fires. Following the Austria-Hungary compromise of 1867 it remained part of Austrian Bohemia. In 1526 Bohemia became a part of the Austrian Habsburg monarchy, designated as Crown lands and the city became head of the Brüx District, one of the 94 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Bohemia. The Bohemian kings Ottokar II, John of Bohemia, and Charles IV all granted city rights to Most. Germans settled throughout and primarily along the northern, western, and southern borders of Bohemia, although many lived in towns like Most, where they were the majority population, throughout the kingdom. The mid-13th century saw the beginning of substantial German immigration as King Ottokar II sought to replace losses from the Mongol invasion of Central Europe in 1241. Between 12 the town was part of the territory possessed by the Přemyslids and it became rich with many churches. In 1227 Kojata, the last of the Hrabišics, passed his property to the cloister of the Knights of the Cross. Under this stronghold, the village that would become Most developed. Hneva from the Hrabišic dynasty established a military stronghold to protect caravans. The network of wooden bridges was built to provide comfortable passages through this territory. Through the swamps there led a merchant route from Prague to Freiberg. The Latin Chronica Boemorum mentions a Slavic settlement below the Hněvín Castle called Gnevin Pons ("Hněvín Bridge") in 1040. The German name for Most is Brüx (derived from the German word for "bridge", Brücke). The city was named after the system of bridges that crossed the swamps in this area in the 10th century. It has a church, a historical Baroque manor, and many monoliths and sculptures that have been collected during the era of demolition of villages in the region (due to coal mining). When the new city was built near it, Vtelno became an integral part of Most. Vtelno used to be a village near Most. ![]()
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